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Brainstorming
Brainstorming is a problem solving technique in which all the members of the group provide spontaneous contribution.
Through brainstorming, we get the creative ideas of the members to solve the problems and each member can provide their ideas freely.
Everyone in the group gets motivated to suggest some solutions or as many attempts to provide the problem’s solution.
Alex F. Osborn, an advertising executive, is known as the father of Brainstorming.
He wanted to develop creative ideas from his team and to get some ideas he started group-thinking sessions and observed significant changes of quantity and ideas.
He named this as “organized ideation” and later named as “brainstorm sessions” in 1938.
In the year 1942, he published a book name “How to Think Up” in which he termed “Brainstorming“.
Objective of brainstorming is to make a student focus on a particular topic, to enable them to get ideas to solve the problem, to respect each other point of views and to treat students as important members of the group and their views to be respected and valued.
Rules of brainstorming includes get much quantity of ideas, no criticism of ideas, ideas with perspectives , evaluation can be done in last that means ideas can be combined for better results, expert’s opinion can be take, and break should be taken when needed.
Types of brainstorming are-
Brain writing : Each member is told to write down ideas and works good for introvert students.
Mind mapping: Ideas are collected and a mind map is constructed with all the ideas and can show common understanding standing of the problem.
Group passing technique : Each members adds on ideas and keep on the passing the paper.
Nominal group technique: In this technique, members are asked to write their ideas and after collection, facilitator ask for votes from the group and then again do the brainstorming on the selected ideas on more voted ideas.
Role storming/Figuring Storming : In this technique we can use other approach as an role model.
Round robin brainstorming: Sit in a circle with leader in centre and provide ideas one by one.
Creativity problem solving
Creative problem solving is the mental process of seeking an original and previously unknown solution to a problem.
It’s about breaking down a problem to understand it, coming up with ideas to solve the problem, and evaluating those ideas to find the most effective solutions. It uses techniques to make the problem-solving process engaging and collaborative.
The creative process involves critical thinking where creative individuals generally go through five steps to bring their ideas to fruition – preparation, incubation, illumination, evaluation, and verification.
Synectics Model of Teaching
Synectics Model of teaching was developed by William J. J. Gordon and his colleagues in 1961.Synectics is a Greek word that means the joining of different ideas together. The Model was designed to increase Creative Expression. This model uses a series of analogies in the classroom. Synectics is a creative word coined to mean “amalgamation of different and apparently irrelevant elements”.
It is an approach to problem-solving that focuses on cultivating creative ideas and thinking often among small groups of individuals with diverse experience and skills.
The results showed that teaching by synectics method not only will increase the creativity about fluency, originality, flexibility and elaboration, but also will increase individual differences. Thus, this method will cause the educational progress in studies lesson. The Model depends upon a number of assumptions regarding the process and development of creativity. It has the focus to develop the creativity of the students relating to the academic discipline as well.
